加工中心是(shi)從數控銑床發展而來的(de)。與數控銑床的(de)區(qu)別(bie)在(zai)于(yu)加(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心具有自(zi)(zi)動交(jiao)換加(jia)工(gong)刀(dao)具的(de)能力，通(tong)過(guo)在(zai)刀(dao)庫上安(an)裝不(bu)同用途的(de)刀(dao)具，可在(zai)一次(ci)裝夾中(zhong)通(tong)過(guo)自(zi)(zi)動換刀(dao)裝置改變(bian)主(zhu)軸上的(de)加(jia)工(gong)刀(dao)具，實現多種加(jia)工(gong)功(gong)能。

   數控加工中心是由機械設備與數控系統組成的適用于加工復雜零件的高效率自動化機床。數控加工中心是世界上產量高、應用最廣泛的數控機床之(zhi)一。它的綜(zong)合加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)力(li)較(jiao)強，工(gong)(gong)(gong)件一次裝夾后能(neng)完(wan)成較(jiao)多(duo)的加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)內容，加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)較(jiao)高，就中等(deng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)難(nan)度(du)的批(pi)量工(gong)(gong)(gong)件，其(qi)效(xiao)率是普(pu)通(tong)設(she)備(bei)的5～10倍，特別(bie)是它能(neng)完(wan)成許多(duo)普(pu)通(tong)設(she)備(bei)不能(neng)完(wan)成的加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，對(dui)形(xing)狀較(jiao)復雜，精度(du)要(yao)求高的單件加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)或(huo)中小批(pi)量多(duo)品種(zhong)生產更為適(shi)用。它把銑削(xue)(xue)、鏜削(xue)(xue)、鉆削(xue)(xue)、攻螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)和(he)切(qie)削(xue)(xue)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)等(deng)功(gong)能(neng)集中在(zai)一臺(tai)設(she)備(bei)上，使其(qi)具有多(duo)種(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝手段。

   加工中心按照主軸加工時的空間位置分類有：臥式加工中心和立式加工中心。按(an)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝用(yong)途分(fen)類(lei)有(you)(you)：鏜銑加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，復合加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)。按(an)功(gong)能特殊分(fen)類(lei)有(you)(you)：單工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)、雙工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)和多工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)。單軸(zhou)(zhou)、雙軸(zhou)(zhou)、三軸(zhou)(zhou)及可換主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)箱的加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)。按(an)照(zhao)導軌分(fen)類(lei)有(you)(you)：線(xian)軌加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，硬(ying)軌加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)等(deng)。